杰西Bellemare

杰西Bellemare’s research focuses on questions in plant ecology, biogeography and evolution at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. 特别是, 他对历史进程如何, 比如过去的气候变化和扩散限制, might influence plant species’ contemporary distributions and the diversity of plant communities. This line of research is set in the context of foundational concepts in ecology, 比如生态位, but also has implications for species conservation in the face of modern climate change. 例如, might it be appropriate to consider “管理搬迁” or “assisted migration” for dispersal-limited plant species still recovering from past climate change and unlikely to keep pace with anthropogenic climate change? Most of the Bellemare lab’s research is centered in the temperate deciduous forests of the eastern United States, 使用森林草本植物, 灌木和乔木作为调查主题.

植物生态学和生物地理学, the lab is using a range of techniques to investigate how plant species’ distributions at geographic scales might be influenced by climate, 土壤, 生态相互作用与扩散限制. 例如, large-scale seed-sowing experiments test how plant species perform within and beyond their natural range boundaries and under novel climatic and environmental conditions. 并行, this work has also involved field surveys to examine how natural populations differ in performance and structure from species’ range centers to range edges. 在平衡状态下, ecological models typically predict peak performance near range centers, with declines toward range edges as species reach their ecophysiological limits.

最近, the lab has begun to use information from native plant horticulture to explore how frequently and under what conditions plant species can already be found growing outside their native ranges and under novel environmental conditions. Such occurrences have the potential to highlight species’ tolerances to climate and environmental conditions, beyond those inferred from the species’ native range alone. 对于一些植物物种, 本机范围之间的不匹配, 或者实现利基, and actual tolerances appears to be quite substantial. 在某种程度上, this line of research views native species’ grown outside their native ranges in horticultural plantings as “accidental experiments” in biogeography. What might be lacking in terms of formal experimental design is counterbalanced by the large numbers of plant species involved in horticulture, the broad extent of horticultural plantings across many regions, and the substantial timeframes involved—more than would ever be possible for any individual ecologist or research team. 更惊人的是, many native plant species have been documented to escape and naturalize beyond their natural ranges, providing compelling evidence that these species’ native ranges might have been limited by dispersal rather than climatic or other environmental factors. In one striking case, we have documented that the southeastern United States native tree 木兰tripetala is beginning to escape from horticulture and naturalize in western 麻萨诸塞州, possibly as a result of recent climate warming in the region.

在地方范围内, the lab is also involved in an ongoing study of forest ecosystem ecology and environmental change at 澳门葡京博彩软件’s Ada and Archibald MacLeish Field Station in Whately, 麻萨诸塞州. At this site we are investigating how forest ecosystems and forest floor communities might be changed as a key foundation species, 常绿针叶树东铁杉(Tsuga黄花)，由于外来昆虫的攻击而下降. 研究 students based in the lab have investigated effects of changing forest canopy conditions on understory bryophyte species, 土壤有机层条件与真菌群落, as well as evidence of ecological interactions between forest floor animals.

选定的出版物

杰克逊,米.R. 和J. Bellemare. 2018. “The potential for indirect negative effects of exotic insect species on a liverwort, Bazzania trilobata (Lepidoziaceae), mediated by the decline of a foundation tree species, Tsuga黄花 (松科).” 托里植物学会杂志 145: 183-194.

伊格纳茨,D.D., A. 法斯勒和J. Bellemare. 2018. “Decline of a foundation tree species due to invasive insects will trigger net release of soil organic carbon.” 生态球 9(8) e02391.

Bellemare J., B. D.F. Sax. 2017. “气候变化, 管理搬迁, and the risk of intra-continental plant invasions: A theoretical and empirical exploration relative to the flora of New England.” 北美杜鹃花 978: 73-109.

Bellemare J. 和C. Deeg. 2015. 园艺的逃避和归化 木兰tripetala: Biogeographic context and possible relationship to recent climate change.” 北美杜鹃花 117: 371-383.

Bellemare J. 和D.A. Moeller. 2014. “气候变化 and forest herbs of temperate deciduous forests,” pp. 第460-94页，F. Gilliam (ed.), The Herbaceous Layer in Forests of Eastern North America第二届. 牛津大学出版社.

Zukswert J.M., J. Bellemare,.L. 罗兹T. Sweezy, M. Gallogly,年代. 阿塞韦多和R.S. 泰勒. 2014. “森林群落结构不同, 但不是生态系统过程, 25 years after eastern hemlock removal in an accidental experiment.” 东南部的博物学家 13: 61–87.

Sax,维.F., R. 早，和J。. Bellemare. 2013. “Niche syndromes, species extinction risks, and management under climate change.” 生态学和进化趋势 28: 517–23.

Van der Veken, S., J. Bellemare K. Verheyen和M. Hermy. 2007. “Life-history traits are correlated with geographical distribution patterns of western European forest herb species.” 生物地理杂志 34: 1723–35.

Vellend, M., K. Verheyen K. J Flinn……. Bellemare…和M. Hermy. 2007. “Homogenization of forest plant communities and weakening of species-environment relationships via agricultural land use.” 生态学杂志 95: 565-573.

Bellemare J., G. 莫茨金和D. R. 福斯特. 2005. “Rich mesic forests: edaphic and physiographic drivers of community variation in western 麻萨诸塞州.” 北美杜鹃花 107: 239–83.

Bellemare J., G. 莫茨金和D. R. 福斯特. 2002. “Legacies of the agricultural past in the forested present: an assessment of historical land-use effects on rich mesic forests.” 生物地理杂志 29: 1401–20.